|| VAJRASUCHIKA UPANISHAD ||
The ideology and institutions of Varna (= caste) and Asrama (=stages of life) are so deeply ingrained in classical Hinduism that our Dharma is often termed as 'Varnashrama Dharma'. This website revolves around the Vajrasuchika Upanishad, which discusses the true basis of one's caste.
The word 'Vajrasuchi' is a compound of two words:
1. Vajra = diamond, hard, thunderbolt
2. Suchi/Suchika = needle
The word ‘Vajrasuchika’ therefore means “A needle that is as hard as a rock/diamond.” In other words, the name indicates that the text expounds a very precious, and a potent doctrine that can lead one to moksha (=salvation). The Upanishad concludes that it is spiritual realization and good conduct alone that determine one’s caste.
The Upanishad is often ascribed to the Brahmin Buddhist scholar Asvaghosa, the celebrated author of the 'Buddhacharita'- a biography on Lord Buddha. Sometimes, it is also ascribed to Bhagvatpada Shankaracharya, the great Advaitin teacher. These ascriptions are impossible to prove. The text has been very popular amongst certain Buddhist circles in the past. However, it also text betrays a clear Hindu ambience throughout and is among the 108 Upanishads enumerated in the list given in the Muktika Upanishad. Although the text is not counted amongst the major Upanishads and is of uncertain date, it is important nevertheless because it expounds certain tenets of other recondite Hindu texts in a lucid manner. All Upanishads are classified under one of the four Vedas, and this Upanishad belongs to the Samaveda. Numerous versions of the text exist, and the shorter one has been adopted here. In future, I propose to add the translation of the extra sections of the longer version as well.
I have added an appendix that collects other passages from the Hindu scriptures that agree with this central tenet of the text under consideration. Another appendix lists the deities, saints and sages who were not born in Brahmin families. A detailed discussion on the origin of the caste system, its transformation with time, and its justifiability (or the opposite) are all beyond the scope of this website.
This appendix is gives a selected anthology of passages from Hindu scriptures whose intent is similar to the ideas of the Vajrasuchika Upanishad.
I am a poet, my father is a doctor, my mother a grinder of corn.
Rigveda, 9.112.3
“From the Supreme Being arise the Holy Sages
From the Supreme Being (arise) these Kshatriyas
From the very same Supreme Being are born the Brahmins
From the Supreme Being (arise) the food producing third caste (Vaishyas).”
“The Supreme Being are indeed these Shudras serving the Kshatriyas,
The Supreme Being are all they who perceive (i.e. all living creatures).
The Supreme Being are all these benevolent officials
The Supreme Being are all these members of the assembly.”
“The Supreme Being are the fishermen,
The Supreme Being are the servants,
The Supreme Being indeed are these gamblers.
Man as well as woman originate from the Supreme Being
Women are God and so are men.”
Atharvaveda (Paippalada Samhita) 8.9.8-10
"I do not know this, Sir, of what family I am. I asked my mother. She answered me: 'In my youth, when I went about a great deal serving as a maid, I got you. So I do not know this, of what family you are. However, I am Jabala by name; you are Satyakama by name.' So I am Satyakama Jabala, sir." To him he then said: "A non-brahmin would not be able to explain thus. Bring the fuel, my dear. I will receive you as a pupil. You have not deviated from the truth."
Chhandogya Upanishad 4.4.1-5
“Listen about caste, Yaksa dear, not study, not learning is the cause of the twice-born status. Conduct is the basis, there is no doubt about it.”
Mahabharata III.312.106
“O King of Serpents! He in whom are manifest truthfulness, charity, forbearance, good conduct, non-injury, austerity and compassion is a Brahmin according to the sacred tradition.”
Mahabharata III.180.20
“O Serpent! He, in whom this conduct is manifest is a Brahmin, he in whom this is absent treat all such as Sudra.”
Mahabharata III.180.27
“The gods consider him a Brahmin (a knower of Brahman) who has no desires, who undertakes no work, who does not salute or praise anybody (with a selfish motive), the fruits of whose deeds have exhausted and who maintains equanimity.”
Mahabharata, XII.269.34
“If one’s birth were to decide one’s caste, then all should be Brahmins because all humans beings have one Father- Prajapati (God, the protector and master of all creatures).”
Shukraniti, Chapter 1
“Vyasa, born of a dancing girl, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Sakti, born of a Chandala woman, became a great Rishi.
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Parasara, born of SwapAki, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Vyasa, born of a fisherwoman, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.”
Note: Tapas = performance of austerities, pious deeds, meditation and adherence to truth.
Srimad Bhagvata Purana
Appendix A: Parallel Passages
This appendix is gives a selected anthology of passages from Hindu scriptures whose intent is similar to the ideas of the Vajrasuchika Upanishad.
I am a poet, my father is a doctor, my mother a grinder of corn.
Rigveda, 9.112.3
“From the Supreme Being arise the Holy Sages
From the Supreme Being (arise) these Kshatriyas
From the very same Supreme Being are born the Brahmins
From the Supreme Being (arise) the food producing third caste (Vaishyas).”
“The Supreme Being are indeed these Shudras serving the Kshatriyas,
The Supreme Being are all they who perceive (i.e. all living creatures).
The Supreme Being are all these benevolent officials
The Supreme Being are all these members of the assembly.”
“The Supreme Being are the fishermen,
The Supreme Being are the servants,
The Supreme Being indeed are these gamblers.
Man as well as woman originate from the Supreme Being
Women are God and so are men.”
Atharvaveda (Paippalada Samhita) 8.9.8-10
"I do not know this, Sir, of what family I am. I asked my mother. She answered me: 'In my youth, when I went about a great deal serving as a maid, I got you. So I do not know this, of what family you are. However, I am Jabala by name; you are Satyakama by name.' So I am Satyakama Jabala, sir." To him he then said: "A non-brahmin would not be able to explain thus. Bring the fuel, my dear. I will receive you as a pupil. You have not deviated from the truth."
Chhandogya Upanishad 4.4.1-5
“Listen about caste, Yaksa dear, not study, not learning is the cause of the twice-born status. Conduct is the basis, there is no doubt about it.”
Mahabharata III.312.106
“O King of Serpents! He in whom are manifest truthfulness, charity, forbearance, good conduct, non-injury, austerity and compassion is a Brahmin according to the sacred tradition.”
Mahabharata III.180.20
“O Serpent! He, in whom this conduct is manifest is a Brahmin, he in whom this is absent treat all such as Sudra.”
Mahabharata III.180.27
“The gods consider him a Brahmin (a knower of Brahman) who has no desires, who undertakes no work, who does not salute or praise anybody (with a selfish motive), the fruits of whose deeds have exhausted and who maintains equanimity.”
Mahabharata, XII.269.34
“If one’s birth were to decide one’s caste, then all should be Brahmins because all humans beings have one Father- Prajapati (God, the protector and master of all creatures).”
Shukraniti, Chapter 1
“Vyasa, born of a dancing girl, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Sakti, born of a Chandala woman, became a great Rishi.
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Parasara, born of SwapAki, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.
Vyasa, born of a fisherwoman, became a great Rishi;
Hence, it is tapas that makes one a Brahmin, and not his birth.”
Note: Tapas = performance of austerities, pious deeds, meditation and adherence to truth.
Srimad Bhagvata Purana
Appendix B: Hindu Deities, Sages and Saints Who were not Brahmins
“The origin of Sages, Truth and Rivers are unkown”—Mahabharata
This appendix lists some non-Brahmin or mixed caste great Deities, Saints and Sages of Hinduism. It will be apparent that these great men and women are responsible to a great extent for the development of Hinduism and that the title ‘Brahminism’ is rather a misnomer for our Dharma.
1. Sri Rama: He was a Kshatriya belonging to the Suryavamsa. His life is the theme of the popular Hindu epic Ramayana. He is considered the 7th incarnation of Lord Vishnu, who in turn represents the ‘Preserver’ aspect of God. He is considered an ideal son, an ideal king and so on. Hindu Utopia is often called ‘Ramarajya’, i.e., ‘the kingdom of Sri Rama’.
2. Sri Krishna: He to the belonged to the Yadava sub-caste. The Yadavas are currently enumerated amongst the ‘Other Backward Castes’ (OBC’s) in India. He is considered the most popular deity of Hindus, and revealed the ‘Bhagavad Gita’, which is the bedrock of modern Hinduism, and summarizes the philosophical teachings of all Hindu scriptures in a masterful manner. He is considered as the 8th incarnation of Lord Vishnu.
3. Lord Shiva: He is often termed as a ‘Kirata’ in the Puranas. The Kiratas would currently fall in the ‘Scheduled Tribes’ (ST) category in modern India. He is considered as a representation of the ‘Destroyer’ aspect of God and is one of the chief Hindu deities. He is the chief subject of numerous Hindu scriptures like the Shiva Purana, the Kurma Purana and so on.
4. Maharshi Aitreya Mahidasa: According to tradition, his mother was a maid named ‘Itara’. This Rishi is credited with the compilation of the Aitreya Brahmana and sections 1-3 of the Aitreya Aranyaka (the latter contains the Aitreya Upanishad- one of the 10 canonical Upanishads for Hindus) belonging to the Rigveda.
5. Rishika Lopamudra: She was a Kshatriya princess from Vidarbha, who married Maharshi Agastya. She is the Seer of some verses of the Rigveda. Several edifying dialogs between her and Sage Agastya are recorded in the Puranas.
6. Maharshi Vishwamitra: He was originally a Kshatriya named ‘Vishwaratha’. He is credited with revealing the ‘Gayatri Mantra’, the Hindu prayer par-excellence. He was elevated to Brahminhood because of his spiritual luster.
7. Maharshi Veda Vyasa: He was the son of a fisher-woman named Satyavati, from Rishi Parashara. Considered the greatest Rishi of classical Hinduism, he is believed to have give the 4 Vedas ( = the most authoritative scriptures of Hindus) their present form. He also compiled the Mahabharata and the Puranas, which are the mainstay of popular Hinduism. He also authored the Brahmasutras- a text considered as one of the triple canon of Vedantic Hinduism (the other two being the Gita and the Upanishads). His birthday is celebrated as ‘Guru-Poornima’ by Hindu monks every year. All Hindu monastic orders trace their lineage from him and a popular saying goes: “vyasocchishtam jagatsarvam” meaning that so great was the learning Rishi Veda Vyasa, that even his voluminous writings represent only the periphery of his knowledge.
8. Maharshi Matanga: He was the son of a Shudra mother and a Vaishya father. In fact, Chandalas are often addressed as ‘Matanga ’in passages like Varaha Purana 1.139.91
9. Maharshi Valmiki: He was descendant from Sages but had become a chandaala (= an outcaste) named Ratnakara, because he took to murder and highway robbery. He was reformed by Prajapati Brahma and was inspired by the divine Sage Narada to compose the Hindu epic par excellence- the Ramayana.
10. Rishika Sulabhaa Maitreyi: She was a Kshatriya lady who promulgated the Saulabha Shakha of the Rigveda. She is counted among the revered teachers of Rigveda to whom respects are offered in texts like the Kausitaki Brahmana. The Saulabha Brahmana is now lost but is mentioned in the Kashika- a commentary on the grammatical text named Ashtadhyayi. A dialog of Rishika SulabhA with King Janaka of Videha on spirituality is recorded in the Shanti Parvan (12th book) of the Mahabharata.
11. Mahatma Vidura: He was the son of Maharshi Veda Vyasa and a maid of King Dhritrashtra (the father of Kauravas in the Mahabharata). He is a wise man in the Mahabharata and counseled many towards truth. His teachings are collected in the ‘Viduraprajagar’ section of the Udyog Parvan (5th book) of Mahabharata.
12. Gautama Buddha: The founder of Buddhism belonged to a marginal Kshatriya tribe called Shakya. He lived and died as a Hindu, although his followers founded a new religion in his name. He advocated the supremacy of good ethics and morality over philosophical speculation and ritualism. He is considered the 9th incarnation of Lord Vishnu by devout Hindus.
13. Mahavira: The 24th and the last great Teacher of Jainism. He belonged to the Kshatriya Licchivi tribe of Bihar. He advocated vegetarianism and the centrality of compassion in Dharma.
14. Bhakta Nammalvar: The foremost of the Alvar Vaishnava saints, he was a Shudra by birth. His composition ‘Tiruvayamoli’, which is in the Tamil language, is considered at par with the Vedas by the Sri Vaishnava Hindus.
15. Sikh Gurus: All the Sikh Gurus, from Guru Nanak to Guru Gobind Singh, were Kshatriyas. The teachings of the first 5 and the 9th Guru are compiled in the Adi Granth- the Sikh scripture. In the face of Islamic persecutions, they revitalized the Hindu community of what is now Pakistan and parts of Northern India and preached the simple path of performance of good deeds, devotion to God by recitations of His names and singing of His glory and sharing of one another’s joys and sorrows without regard to caste.
16. Saint Kabir: He was brought-up by ‘Julaha’ couple. Julahas are a Muslim caste of weavers. He preached in the language of the masses and many of his verses are common proverbs in North India.
17. Narsi Mehta: He was born in a Vaishya family is a renowned Vaishnava saint of Gujarat. One of his compositions- “Vaishnava Jana” was a favorite of Mahatma Gandhi. According to some however, he was a Brahmin.
18. Saint Tukarama: He was a Vaishya who composed touching poems called the ‘Abahngas’ on devotion to God. These compositions are recited with great fervor by numerous Hindus, especially in Maharashtra by the members of the Warakari community.
19. Saint Ravidas: He was a cobbler, and therefore of Shudra origin. He advocated Bhakti and 16 of his compositions were incorporated in the Adi Granth- the Sikh scripture.
20. Saint Mira: She was a Rajput Kshatriya princess of Mewar and devoted her life to the service of Lord Krishna. Her beautiful poetical compositions addressed to Lord Krishna are recited with great fervor by Hindus down to this day.
21. Swami Vivekananda: One of the foremost reformers and teachers of modern Hinduism, he was of Kayastha subcaste of Bengal. He spread the message of Vedanta in the United States and Europe and his writings and speeches are contained in “The Collected Writings of Swami Vivekanand.” He founded the Ramakrishna Mission- a religious organization to propagate the teachings of his Guru Swami Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. In Bengal, Kayasthas are considered as Shudras.
22. Vatsa, a descendant of Kanva RV 6.1; 8.8 etc; was called a Shudra-putra (Panchavimsha Brahman 14.66).
23. Kakshivat, a Brahmavadin, was the son of Dirghatamas by a Shudra maid servant (Brihaddevata 4.24-25).
24. According to Mahabharata (Anushasana Parvan 53.13-19), Sage Kapinjalada was a Chandala and Sage Madanapala was the son of a boatwoman.
25. According to Mahabharata Shanti Parvan, King Sudas was also a Shudra. Sudas is one of the most celebrated kings of the Rigveda, being the hero of the Dasarajna war.
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____________(RK)___________
Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Tuesday, November 29, 2011
ABOUT CASTE SYSTEM
Friends,
One gentleman among us who is bent on pouring personal abuses has written in his reply to my write up without giving a reply to what I have written, says that I am against BRAHMIN COMMUNITY. Although, I hate caste system prevailing now among HINDUS, I am also born in BRAHMIN CASTE as one gentleman who claim that he is the true Brahmins since he performs THRIKALA SANDHYAVANDANAM. I cannot go against this caste. Even a person born as PARAYA in cast does SANDHYAVANDANA which might not be in SANSKRIT LANGUAGE. I also find in TV many devotees from other castes throng temples but very seldom see Brahmins. Lord Narayana said “ ll நா ஹம் வஸாமி வைகுண்டே,ந யோகி ஹ்ருதயே ரவௌ, மத்பக்தா யத்ர காயந்தி, தத்ர திஷ்டாமி நாரத ll “ Why I quote this is because Lord stays where his devotee sings his praise and not at the place where a person does THRIKALA SANDYAVANDANA without Bhakthi, HE STAYS. Even the so called HIGH BRAHMIN has told that I must be excommunicated. LET HIM TRY IT! THIS IS A CHALLENGE.
Even the GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED IN ERADICATING THE CASTE SYSTEM although they have given TEMPLE ENTRY to all HINDUS. ( Remember, this was prohibited by HINDUS born in higher castes. ) The Stories of BHAKTHA NANDANAR AND BHAKTHA KANAKA DASS are classic examples of true devotion of GOD. However I am happy that the most from the present generation, do not believe in CASTE SYSTEM. Many of our younger generation started marrying boys/girls from other castes. I was told, except GUJARATIS in AMERICA they have AMERICAN INDIANS who marry among them.
Friends, HINDUISM IS NOT A RELIGION LIKE CHRISTANITY OR MUSLIMS. It is a way of life ; a culture and most DYNAMIC in nature. Although, it takes time to eradicate the CASTE SYSTEM prevalent among HINDUS, I am sure that the “D” day is fast approaching.
I BOLDLY SAY THAT ALTHOUGH I AM BORN AS A BRAHMIN, I HATE CASTE SYSTEM, borne out of selfishness of our ancestors. Or caste prohibits crossing the sea. Are we following it ? Are we not working as soldiers, Engineers, Bus conductors and drivers etc. Is it our KULA DHARMA. I conclude by saying “ ll उदर निमित्तं बहुकृत वेषं ll “ or our efforts to lead a luxurious life and not a normal life.”
Regards and NAMASKARAMS,
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
Friends,
One gentleman among us who is bent on pouring personal abuses has written in his reply to my write up without giving a reply to what I have written, says that I am against BRAHMIN COMMUNITY. Although, I hate caste system prevailing now among HINDUS, I am also born in BRAHMIN CASTE as one gentleman who claim that he is the true Brahmins since he performs THRIKALA SANDHYAVANDANAM. I cannot go against this caste. Even a person born as PARAYA in cast does SANDHYAVANDANA which might not be in SANSKRIT LANGUAGE. I also find in TV many devotees from other castes throng temples but very seldom see Brahmins. Lord Narayana said “ ll நா ஹம் வஸாமி வைகுண்டே,ந யோகி ஹ்ருதயே ரவௌ, மத்பக்தா யத்ர காயந்தி, தத்ர திஷ்டாமி நாரத ll “ Why I quote this is because Lord stays where his devotee sings his praise and not at the place where a person does THRIKALA SANDYAVANDANA without Bhakthi, HE STAYS. Even the so called HIGH BRAHMIN has told that I must be excommunicated. LET HIM TRY IT! THIS IS A CHALLENGE.
Even the GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED IN ERADICATING THE CASTE SYSTEM although they have given TEMPLE ENTRY to all HINDUS. ( Remember, this was prohibited by HINDUS born in higher castes. ) The Stories of BHAKTHA NANDANAR AND BHAKTHA KANAKA DASS are classic examples of true devotion of GOD. However I am happy that the most from the present generation, do not believe in CASTE SYSTEM. Many of our younger generation started marrying boys/girls from other castes. I was told, except GUJARATIS in AMERICA they have AMERICAN INDIANS who marry among them.
Friends, HINDUISM IS NOT A RELIGION LIKE CHRISTANITY OR MUSLIMS. It is a way of life ; a culture and most DYNAMIC in nature. Although, it takes time to eradicate the CASTE SYSTEM prevalent among HINDUS, I am sure that the “D” day is fast approaching.
I BOLDLY SAY THAT ALTHOUGH I AM BORN AS A BRAHMIN, I HATE CASTE SYSTEM, borne out of selfishness of our ancestors. Or caste prohibits crossing the sea. Are we following it ? Are we not working as soldiers, Engineers, Bus conductors and drivers etc. Is it our KULA DHARMA. I conclude by saying “ ll उदर निमित्तं बहुकृत वेषं ll “ or our efforts to lead a luxurious life and not a normal life.”
Regards and NAMASKARAMS,
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
ON THE NAME OF RELIGION OR CASTE
LET US
NOT FIGHT OR HATE EACH OTHER
(Note :- TO READ TAMIL , KINDLY CONVERT THIS INTO UNICODE 8 )
“Ondre kulamum oruvane thevanum
Nandre ninaiminnamanillai naaname
Sendre pugumgathi illainum siththathu
Nindre nilaipera neerninainthui mine” Verse :2104 in Chapter 7
Says Thirumoolar, there is but one religion and there is but one god. Surrender to him.
“ஒன்றே குலமும் ஒருவனே தேவனும்
நன்றே நினைமின் நமனில்லைநாணாமே நாணாமே
சென்றே புகுங்கதி யில்லைநுஞ் சித்தத்து“
நின்றே நிலைபெற நீர்நினைந துய்மினே.” திருமந்திரம் ஏழாம் தந்திரம் – 2104
Friends,
This is not told by me but a great SHAVATE SAINT THIRUMOOLAR has written this long back.FROM WIKIPEDIA “Tirumular (also spelt Thirumoolar etc., originally known as Sundaranātha) was a Tamil Shaivite mystic and writer, considered one of the sixty-three Nayanars and one of the 18 Siddhars. His main work, the Tirumantiram (also sometimes written Tirumanthiram, Tirumandhiram, etc.), which consists of over 3000 verses, forms a part of the key text of the Tamil Shaiva Siddhanta, the Tirumurai” “The dates of Tirumūlar's life are hotly contested and, because his work makes reference to so many currents of religious thought, the dates that different scholars assign are often appealed to for anchoring the relative chronology of other religious literature in Tamil and Sanskrit. Verse 74 of the Tirumantiram makes the claim that Tirumūlar lived for 7 aeons (yuga) before composing the Tirumantiram. Some are therefore inclined to place his composition well before the Common Era. The scholar and lexicographer S. Vaiyapuripillai, however, suggested that he probably belonged to the beginning of the eighth-century AD, pointing out that Tirumūlar could not very well be placed earlier given that he appears to refer to the Tevaram hymns of Sambandar, Appar and Sundarar, that he used `very late words and that he made mention of the weekdays”
There are some who ignite in others, hatred towards other religions and castes.I request all to read the HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE “ THE VEDIC AGE” written by Prof. R. C. MAJUMDAR published by Bharathiya Vidhya Bhavan. This will give one and all the knowledge about our origin. If you think, purchasing a book of such costly nature is a waste than I request you to go through my write up in Word Press.Com under PALLASSANAS.
Friends, first you realise that HINDUISM is not a religion but a culture which is borrowed by ARYAN TRIBES from The Negritos, Proto-australoids. The Mongoloids, Mediterranians , the Western Brachycephals and the Nordics. It is ,therefore, natural that LINGA (PHALLUS IN YONI), SWASTIKA which we draw to appease Lord GANESHA etc are seen in other religions also. A narration of Linga in Yoni which we see in MECCA and also in other places is seen in certain Webs. Reading this will be very useful. Whenever you get time kindly go through it. Lord Shiva as depicted as LINGA in Yoni was not approved by the ARYAN TRIBES. They believed that INDRA, VARUNA, MARUTH etc as GOD. They called LORD SHIVA as RUDRA ( I refer RUDRA AND CHAMAKA ). Even these tribes called GOD( PARAMAATHMA) during their mixing up with other tribes as only NARAYANA and GODDESS as LAKSHMI. However the previous tribes means, ‘nature,’ or ‘basic trait’.” Why we call the Phallus as SHIVA is because HE is auspicious. Further especially dravidians, called the PHALLUS as SHIVA ( gracious ) , In Wikipedia it is given “शिव, śiva is an adjective meaning "auspicious, kind, gracious". As a proper name it means "The Auspicious One". And PRAKRUTHI ( Yoni) meaning ause when the Auspicious joins PRAKRUTHI, the output will be also very much Nature. In the web I see the meaning as “The term Prakruti is a Sanskrit word that literally the earlier tribes especially the DRAVIDIANS) believed for increase of their progeny, that too gracious. VARNA SYSTEM was also prevalent among Dravidians. THIS IS PURELY MY VIEW. In the SANDHYAVANDANA made by ARYANS it is written as AkAshAth pathitham thOyam yadA gachchathi sAgarA , sarva dEva namaskAra kEshavam prathi gachchathi and not as SHANKARAM OR ISHWARAM PRATHI GACHCHATHI. By writing this I do not mean any insult to VAISHNAVATES. I pray always to Lord Narayana.
We have heard of many tribes like RAKSHASAS, YAKSHAS, KINNARAS, GANDHARVAS, VANARAS etc. Among them also VARNA SYSTEM was prevalent.
Hence, I request one and all not to fight by saying that all most all or few religions came from HINDUISM. Friends, HINDUISM is a way of life, a culture, which we can see in other religions also since I am of the VIEW that all religions and cultures lead us to a perfect life and later to that INFINITY which I call as “OM”.
Regards and NAMASKARAMS
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
LET US
NOT FIGHT OR HATE EACH OTHER
(Note :- TO READ TAMIL , KINDLY CONVERT THIS INTO UNICODE 8 )
“Ondre kulamum oruvane thevanum
Nandre ninaiminnamanillai naaname
Sendre pugumgathi illainum siththathu
Nindre nilaipera neerninainthui mine” Verse :2104 in Chapter 7
Says Thirumoolar, there is but one religion and there is but one god. Surrender to him.
“ஒன்றே குலமும் ஒருவனே தேவனும்
நன்றே நினைமின் நமனில்லைநாணாமே நாணாமே
சென்றே புகுங்கதி யில்லைநுஞ் சித்தத்து“
நின்றே நிலைபெற நீர்நினைந துய்மினே.” திருமந்திரம் ஏழாம் தந்திரம் – 2104
Friends,
This is not told by me but a great SHAVATE SAINT THIRUMOOLAR has written this long back.FROM WIKIPEDIA “Tirumular (also spelt Thirumoolar etc., originally known as Sundaranātha) was a Tamil Shaivite mystic and writer, considered one of the sixty-three Nayanars and one of the 18 Siddhars. His main work, the Tirumantiram (also sometimes written Tirumanthiram, Tirumandhiram, etc.), which consists of over 3000 verses, forms a part of the key text of the Tamil Shaiva Siddhanta, the Tirumurai” “The dates of Tirumūlar's life are hotly contested and, because his work makes reference to so many currents of religious thought, the dates that different scholars assign are often appealed to for anchoring the relative chronology of other religious literature in Tamil and Sanskrit. Verse 74 of the Tirumantiram makes the claim that Tirumūlar lived for 7 aeons (yuga) before composing the Tirumantiram. Some are therefore inclined to place his composition well before the Common Era. The scholar and lexicographer S. Vaiyapuripillai, however, suggested that he probably belonged to the beginning of the eighth-century AD, pointing out that Tirumūlar could not very well be placed earlier given that he appears to refer to the Tevaram hymns of Sambandar, Appar and Sundarar, that he used `very late words and that he made mention of the weekdays”
There are some who ignite in others, hatred towards other religions and castes.I request all to read the HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE “ THE VEDIC AGE” written by Prof. R. C. MAJUMDAR published by Bharathiya Vidhya Bhavan. This will give one and all the knowledge about our origin. If you think, purchasing a book of such costly nature is a waste than I request you to go through my write up in Word Press.Com under PALLASSANAS.
Friends, first you realise that HINDUISM is not a religion but a culture which is borrowed by ARYAN TRIBES from The Negritos, Proto-australoids. The Mongoloids, Mediterranians , the Western Brachycephals and the Nordics. It is ,therefore, natural that LINGA (PHALLUS IN YONI), SWASTIKA which we draw to appease Lord GANESHA etc are seen in other religions also. A narration of Linga in Yoni which we see in MECCA and also in other places is seen in certain Webs. Reading this will be very useful. Whenever you get time kindly go through it. Lord Shiva as depicted as LINGA in Yoni was not approved by the ARYAN TRIBES. They believed that INDRA, VARUNA, MARUTH etc as GOD. They called LORD SHIVA as RUDRA ( I refer RUDRA AND CHAMAKA ). Even these tribes called GOD( PARAMAATHMA) during their mixing up with other tribes as only NARAYANA and GODDESS as LAKSHMI. However the previous tribes means, ‘nature,’ or ‘basic trait’.” Why we call the Phallus as SHIVA is because HE is auspicious. Further especially dravidians, called the PHALLUS as SHIVA ( gracious ) , In Wikipedia it is given “शिव, śiva is an adjective meaning "auspicious, kind, gracious". As a proper name it means "The Auspicious One". And PRAKRUTHI ( Yoni) meaning ause when the Auspicious joins PRAKRUTHI, the output will be also very much Nature. In the web I see the meaning as “The term Prakruti is a Sanskrit word that literally the earlier tribes especially the DRAVIDIANS) believed for increase of their progeny, that too gracious. VARNA SYSTEM was also prevalent among Dravidians. THIS IS PURELY MY VIEW. In the SANDHYAVANDANA made by ARYANS it is written as AkAshAth pathitham thOyam yadA gachchathi sAgarA , sarva dEva namaskAra kEshavam prathi gachchathi and not as SHANKARAM OR ISHWARAM PRATHI GACHCHATHI. By writing this I do not mean any insult to VAISHNAVATES. I pray always to Lord Narayana.
We have heard of many tribes like RAKSHASAS, YAKSHAS, KINNARAS, GANDHARVAS, VANARAS etc. Among them also VARNA SYSTEM was prevalent.
Hence, I request one and all not to fight by saying that all most all or few religions came from HINDUISM. Friends, HINDUISM is a way of life, a culture, which we can see in other religions also since I am of the VIEW that all religions and cultures lead us to a perfect life and later to that INFINITY which I call as “OM”.
Regards and NAMASKARAMS
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
Thursday, November 10, 2011
MAHA BHARATHA WAR: WHEN IT
WAS FAUGHT
Friends,
There are differing views about the dates of Maha Bharatha war. According to Dr. D.S Dwivedi of the Parit ReSearch Institute, Vaisali , Biharwhich was published in the Indian Express dated 12-10-1984, the Epic war of Maha Bharatha started on a Tuesday on November 14, 3137BC. According to him KALI YUGA started in the year 3101 BC.
According to Dr. E. Vedavyas who was a senior IAS officer of Andhra Pradesh, in his thesis “ASTRONOMICAL DATING OF THE MAHA BHARATHA WAR says that the Epic war began on a Tuesday in October, 3138 BC on an Amavsya (NEW MOON ) day. He has relied on the observation of the sky as recorded in the great epic Maha Bharatha . He has also verified it with the method of Radio-Carbon dating. In fact , he evolved a scientific dating method by using the references of Veda Vyaasa who has written the position of fixed stars, eclipses, and the motion of constellations “SAPTHA RISHIS” or as we call it in English as “GREAT BEARS” .
Another eminent scientist Dr. P.V Vartak fixes the date as 16th October,5562BC.
A great Epigraphist , Dr. D.C. SARCAR who was the former Chief Epigraphist of Government of India opines that Maha Bharatha “was a mith, devoid of little historicity, opening , as it were the flood gates of controversy all over the country…..”
The Great Epic Maha Bharatha was called once as “JAYA” and it comprised only with 8,800 verses. When it was known as MAHA BHARATHA it started containing 24,000 Verses. In the present available form it contains 100.000 verses.
According to Prof. B.B.LAL , The Maha Bharatha text which is now available “refers not only to the Persians, Greeks, Romans and Parthians but also HUNAS. The present text, therefore, is unlikely to be earlier than the 4th Century A.D. and if KRISHNA was a historical figure, he is unlikely to have been later than BUDDHA who lived in 6th Century B.C. , for history after the BUDDHA is so well known that there is hardly any scope to accommodate KRISHNA AND MAHA BHARATHA in it…….”
Late, Dr. B. Venkatraman, a noted astrologer of Bangalore fixes the Maha Bharatha war on the strength of Astronomical calculation as 37 years before KALI YUGA started. According to him KALIYUGA started in the year 3102 B.C. He said that Mousala Parva of Maha Bharatha had mentioned that Sree- Krishna died after 36 years of Maha Bharatha War which must be somewhere in the year 3066 BC . According to Late Dr. B.V.Raman , in the Karna Parva the planetary positions of 17th day battle is given. Likewise he contends that astronomical data of Dharma Puthra’s coronation and ASVAMEDHA sacrifice all point out to fix the year of Maha Bharatha War as 3066 B.C.
One Sri. P.G. Krishnan Nair from Kerala has written about the demise of Bheesh as given in Maha Bharatha “ll अष्टपञ्चाशतं रात्र्या, शयानस्याद्य मे गताः शरेषु निशिताग्रेषु यथा वर्ष- शतं तथा, माघोfयं समनुप्राप्तो, मासः सौम्यो युधिष्ठिर, त्रिभागशेषः पक्षोयं, शुक्लो भवितु मर्हति ll” Anushaasika Parvam-167-26-28. “ ll शुक्ला पक्षस्य चाष्टम्यां, माघमासस्य पार्त्थिव, प्राजापत्ये च नक्षत्रे, मद्धयं प्राप्तो दिवाकरे, निवृत्तमात्रे त्वयन, उत्तरे वै दिवाकरे, समावेशय दात्मान-, मात्मान्येव समाहितः ll” – Shaanthi parva – 47 -3 -4. In this THRIBHAAGA SHESHA: has been interpreted as “ when the 1/4 part is over means he fell down on CHATHRTHI DAY” This interpretation is given by Dr. S.B. Roy.
From this we get the information about Bheeshma’s date of death as Magha Shukla Paksha (ie. After the new moon day ) .
” The epic is generally defined: A long narrative poem on a great and serious subject, related in an elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race.
Mahabharatha is a great Epic of Hindus. Now let us see what is an epic.” The epic is a long narrative poem on a great and serious subject, related in an elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose action depend the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race. The traditional epics were shaped by a literary artist from historical and legendary materials which had developed in the oral traditions of his nation during a period of expansion and warfare. “ “In ancient Indian epics such as the Ramayana, which had mythical Vimana flying machines that were able to fly within the Earth's atmosphere, and able to travel into space and travel submerged under water, along with a weapon which could destroy an entire city. The ancient Hindu mythological epic, the Mahabharatha, mentions the story of the King Revaita, who travels to heaven to meet the creator Brahma and is shocked to learn that many ages have passed when he returns to Earth, anticipating the concept of time travel. Portions of the Biblical text "Revelation" read literally like science fiction and science fantasy: "There was a great earthquake. The sun turned black like sackcloth made of goat hair, the whole moon turned blood red, and the stars in the sky fell to earth, as figs drop from a fig tree when shaken by a strong wind. The heavens receded like a scroll being rolled up, and every mountain and island was removed from its place. ”
Hence we cannot fully believe these great Epics. However we can definitely say that
(a) Mahabharatha war a reality and not mith.
(b) Although the war was not fought in large scale as described in our Great Epic Maha Bharatha , this event was very significant as it attracted many writers, and balladeers who portrayed this complex theme of this great Epic.
© While as per Puranic data the war was fought in the later period of 9th Century BCor beginning of 10th Centuary BC which is corroborated by archaeological evidence , astronomical calculations based on the narration of the Great Epic seems to be wrong since Mahabharatha took place during the Iron age since the tools used in the war made of Iron points out that the war might have happened during the Iron Age starting from the year 1000 BC. Hence from the above circumstances we can infer that the war might have taken place only during the iron age and therefore can be placed between the year 1200BC and 1000BC .
(d) Maha Bharatha became very popular by 5th Century A.D. and our Indian Astrological Pundits codified the traditional dates of war which found their way to several epigraphical records thereafter.
Friends, I had told that this great Epic Mahabharatha was known as JAYA. I would like to elaborate on this :
(a) Initially it was narrated to YUDHISHTIRA ? by VYASA in 8800 verses as JAYA
(b) Again SHUKRACHARYA narrated this to PARIKSHIT as JAYA BHARATHA in 24000 Verses .
© VAISAMPAYANA narrated this story as BHARATHETHIHASA to JANMEJAYA in 24000 verses.
(d) This became MAHABHARATHA with 100000 verses with Upakhyaanas when told to SAUNAKA AND OTHER SAGES by LOMAHARSHNA AND UGRASRAVA.
Friends, such a great work could not have been dealt with one person.
Why I said Mahabharatha belong to Iron Age ? First , let me say that the weapons used belongs to Iron Age.
Secondly the word AYASA seen in Rig Veda is assigned to KRISHNA AISA meaning Black Metal or Iron which occurs in Atharva Veda which was propounded before Maha Bharatha period. Archaeologicallly, therefore, the Original work of MAHABHARATHA called JAYA can be placed around 1000 BC plus or minus 100 to 200 years.
Regards and NAMASKARAMS,
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
WAS FAUGHT
Friends,
There are differing views about the dates of Maha Bharatha war. According to Dr. D.S Dwivedi of the Parit ReSearch Institute, Vaisali , Biharwhich was published in the Indian Express dated 12-10-1984, the Epic war of Maha Bharatha started on a Tuesday on November 14, 3137BC. According to him KALI YUGA started in the year 3101 BC.
According to Dr. E. Vedavyas who was a senior IAS officer of Andhra Pradesh, in his thesis “ASTRONOMICAL DATING OF THE MAHA BHARATHA WAR says that the Epic war began on a Tuesday in October, 3138 BC on an Amavsya (NEW MOON ) day. He has relied on the observation of the sky as recorded in the great epic Maha Bharatha . He has also verified it with the method of Radio-Carbon dating. In fact , he evolved a scientific dating method by using the references of Veda Vyaasa who has written the position of fixed stars, eclipses, and the motion of constellations “SAPTHA RISHIS” or as we call it in English as “GREAT BEARS” .
Another eminent scientist Dr. P.V Vartak fixes the date as 16th October,5562BC.
A great Epigraphist , Dr. D.C. SARCAR who was the former Chief Epigraphist of Government of India opines that Maha Bharatha “was a mith, devoid of little historicity, opening , as it were the flood gates of controversy all over the country…..”
The Great Epic Maha Bharatha was called once as “JAYA” and it comprised only with 8,800 verses. When it was known as MAHA BHARATHA it started containing 24,000 Verses. In the present available form it contains 100.000 verses.
According to Prof. B.B.LAL , The Maha Bharatha text which is now available “refers not only to the Persians, Greeks, Romans and Parthians but also HUNAS. The present text, therefore, is unlikely to be earlier than the 4th Century A.D. and if KRISHNA was a historical figure, he is unlikely to have been later than BUDDHA who lived in 6th Century B.C. , for history after the BUDDHA is so well known that there is hardly any scope to accommodate KRISHNA AND MAHA BHARATHA in it…….”
Late, Dr. B. Venkatraman, a noted astrologer of Bangalore fixes the Maha Bharatha war on the strength of Astronomical calculation as 37 years before KALI YUGA started. According to him KALIYUGA started in the year 3102 B.C. He said that Mousala Parva of Maha Bharatha had mentioned that Sree- Krishna died after 36 years of Maha Bharatha War which must be somewhere in the year 3066 BC . According to Late Dr. B.V.Raman , in the Karna Parva the planetary positions of 17th day battle is given. Likewise he contends that astronomical data of Dharma Puthra’s coronation and ASVAMEDHA sacrifice all point out to fix the year of Maha Bharatha War as 3066 B.C.
One Sri. P.G. Krishnan Nair from Kerala has written about the demise of Bheesh as given in Maha Bharatha “ll अष्टपञ्चाशतं रात्र्या, शयानस्याद्य मे गताः शरेषु निशिताग्रेषु यथा वर्ष- शतं तथा, माघोfयं समनुप्राप्तो, मासः सौम्यो युधिष्ठिर, त्रिभागशेषः पक्षोयं, शुक्लो भवितु मर्हति ll” Anushaasika Parvam-167-26-28. “ ll शुक्ला पक्षस्य चाष्टम्यां, माघमासस्य पार्त्थिव, प्राजापत्ये च नक्षत्रे, मद्धयं प्राप्तो दिवाकरे, निवृत्तमात्रे त्वयन, उत्तरे वै दिवाकरे, समावेशय दात्मान-, मात्मान्येव समाहितः ll” – Shaanthi parva – 47 -3 -4. In this THRIBHAAGA SHESHA: has been interpreted as “ when the 1/4 part is over means he fell down on CHATHRTHI DAY” This interpretation is given by Dr. S.B. Roy.
From this we get the information about Bheeshma’s date of death as Magha Shukla Paksha (ie. After the new moon day ) .
” The epic is generally defined: A long narrative poem on a great and serious subject, related in an elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race.
Mahabharatha is a great Epic of Hindus. Now let us see what is an epic.” The epic is a long narrative poem on a great and serious subject, related in an elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose action depend the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race. The traditional epics were shaped by a literary artist from historical and legendary materials which had developed in the oral traditions of his nation during a period of expansion and warfare. “ “In ancient Indian epics such as the Ramayana, which had mythical Vimana flying machines that were able to fly within the Earth's atmosphere, and able to travel into space and travel submerged under water, along with a weapon which could destroy an entire city. The ancient Hindu mythological epic, the Mahabharatha, mentions the story of the King Revaita, who travels to heaven to meet the creator Brahma and is shocked to learn that many ages have passed when he returns to Earth, anticipating the concept of time travel. Portions of the Biblical text "Revelation" read literally like science fiction and science fantasy: "There was a great earthquake. The sun turned black like sackcloth made of goat hair, the whole moon turned blood red, and the stars in the sky fell to earth, as figs drop from a fig tree when shaken by a strong wind. The heavens receded like a scroll being rolled up, and every mountain and island was removed from its place. ”
Hence we cannot fully believe these great Epics. However we can definitely say that
(a) Mahabharatha war a reality and not mith.
(b) Although the war was not fought in large scale as described in our Great Epic Maha Bharatha , this event was very significant as it attracted many writers, and balladeers who portrayed this complex theme of this great Epic.
© While as per Puranic data the war was fought in the later period of 9th Century BCor beginning of 10th Centuary BC which is corroborated by archaeological evidence , astronomical calculations based on the narration of the Great Epic seems to be wrong since Mahabharatha took place during the Iron age since the tools used in the war made of Iron points out that the war might have happened during the Iron Age starting from the year 1000 BC. Hence from the above circumstances we can infer that the war might have taken place only during the iron age and therefore can be placed between the year 1200BC and 1000BC .
(d) Maha Bharatha became very popular by 5th Century A.D. and our Indian Astrological Pundits codified the traditional dates of war which found their way to several epigraphical records thereafter.
Friends, I had told that this great Epic Mahabharatha was known as JAYA. I would like to elaborate on this :
(a) Initially it was narrated to YUDHISHTIRA ? by VYASA in 8800 verses as JAYA
(b) Again SHUKRACHARYA narrated this to PARIKSHIT as JAYA BHARATHA in 24000 Verses .
© VAISAMPAYANA narrated this story as BHARATHETHIHASA to JANMEJAYA in 24000 verses.
(d) This became MAHABHARATHA with 100000 verses with Upakhyaanas when told to SAUNAKA AND OTHER SAGES by LOMAHARSHNA AND UGRASRAVA.
Friends, such a great work could not have been dealt with one person.
Why I said Mahabharatha belong to Iron Age ? First , let me say that the weapons used belongs to Iron Age.
Secondly the word AYASA seen in Rig Veda is assigned to KRISHNA AISA meaning Black Metal or Iron which occurs in Atharva Veda which was propounded before Maha Bharatha period. Archaeologicallly, therefore, the Original work of MAHABHARATHA called JAYA can be placed around 1000 BC plus or minus 100 to 200 years.
Regards and NAMASKARAMS,
P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
Tuesday, November 08, 2011
TAMIL TRANSLITERATION OF MANEESHA PANCHAKAM BY H.H. ADI
SHANKARA WITH MEANING IN ENGLISH
FIVE VERSES OF CONVICTIONS Written by HH. Adi Shankara :
TAMILTRANSLITERATION BY P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
__________________________________________________________________________________
This is written as a dialogue between Adi Shankara and a Low Caste (PARAYA) who CAME with FOUR DOGS from the opposite direction of the way by which Adi Shankara and his disciples were going to perform Pooja to Lord Viswantha of KASHI. The low caste person was none other than Lord Shiva and the four dogs accompanying him were the FOUR VEDAS.
அன்னமயாதன்னமயாமதவா சைதன்யமேவ சைதன்ன்யாத்: எதிவர தூரீகர்த்தும் வாஞ்சஸி கிம் ப்ரூஹி கச்ச கச்சேதி 1.
Meaning : _Oh. Greatest among the Greatest of ascetics, please tell me what do you want to move away by saying “GO-GO“ Did you mean that the body of mine, made of food to move away to another body made of food or consciousness to move away from consciousness.
ப்ரத்யக்வஸ்துனி நிஸ்தரம்கஸஹஜானந்தாவபோதாம்புதௌ விப்றோSயம் ச்வபசோSயமித்யாபி மஹான் கோSயம் விபேதப்ரம கிம் கம்காம்புனி பிம்பிதே. அம்பரமணௌ சண்டாளவீதீபய பய: பூரே வா. அந்தரமஸ்தி காஞ்சனகடீம்ம்ருத்கும்பயோர்வாம்பரே. 2.
Meaning : Oh! brAhmaNA Is there any difference between the
reflection of the SUN in the waters of Ganges and the water poolof an outcaste’s residence ? or water in a gold pot and a mud pot?What difference it makes in the ripple free ocean of bliss and the soul of a brahmana and an outcaste? Note :- *In some versions I have seen yathivara instead of VIPROYAM{ Friends, Adi Shankaraimmediately came to know that the person who came opposite was none other than Lord SHIVA and the dogs which were accompanying Him were the four VEDAS. Adi Shankara immediately prostrated before the out-caste and begged apology; and then says :
ஜாக்ரத் ஸ்வப்னஸுஷுப்திஷு ஸ்புடதரா யாஸ்விதூத்ஜ்ஹ்ரிம்பதே யா ப்ரஹ்மாதிபிபீலிகாந்த தனுஷு ப்ரொதா ஜகத்ஸாக்ஷிணீ ஸைவாஹம் ந ச த்ருச்ய வஸ்த்விதி த்ருடப்ரஜ்ஞாபி யச்யாஸ்தி சே சண்டாளோ அஸ்து ஸ து த்விஜோ அஸ்து குரூர் இத்யேஷா மனீஷா மம: 3.
Meaning : If one is fully convinced that, the soul which isclear and obvious itself in all the three conditions of lives i.e. indream, sound sleep and also in awakened conditions and in all objects from BRAHMA (THE CREATOR) to a very small object ant which is also the vibrant, but invisible and witness to all ourdeeds, and as per my conclusion which is very clear is the great teacher or preceptor irrespective of whether he is a ** DWIJA or an outcaste
Note 2. : DWIJA in Sanskrit means one is who is twice born. Yhis term although refers to one o the first three VARNAS called Brahmana, Kshathriya, And Vaishya; DWJA is usually referred to the BRAHMANA VARNA.
பிரஹ்மைவாஹமிதம் ஜகச்ச ஸகலம் சின்மாத்ரவிஸ்தாரிதம்ஸர்வம் சைததவித்யா த்ருகுணயா அசேஷம் மயா க்ளிப்தம் இத்தம் யஸ்ய த்ருடா மதி: ஸுகதரே நித்த்யே பரே நிர்ம்மலே சண்டாளோ அஸ்து ஸ து த்விஜோ அஸ்த்து குருரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 4.
MEANING: I now have the conviction that irrespective of one is a Brahmin by birth or born as an outcaste, that he is the very BRAHMAN which is pure and infinite spread on everything, which although looks like consisting of many different things due
to our ignorance and the tree attributes Sattva (purity, light, harmony), (2) Rajas (passion, activity, motion), and (3) Tamas ( inertia, darkness, inertness, inactivity.
சச்வன்னச்வரமேவ விச்வமக்ஹிலம் நிச்சித்ய வாசா குறோர் நித்தியம் ப்ரம்ஹ நிரந்தரம் விம்ருசதா நிர்வ்யாஜ சாந்தாத்மனா ப்ஹூதம் ப்ஹாதி ச துஷ்க்றுதம் ப்றதஹதா ஸம்வின்மையே பாவகேப்ராரப்தாய ஸமர்ப்பிதம் ஸ்வபுரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 5. MEANING : I am convinced beyond doubts by theGURU’SWord(GURU = Teacher, preceptor ) that the whole universe is a moving illusion and hence the human body is given to constantly worship the supreme and infinite being with a clear and unquestioning mind and burn inthat sacred fire of meditation all the sins with which a human being is born.
யா திர்யஜ்ஞானரதேவதாபிரஹமித்யாந்த: ஸ்புடாக்ருஹ்யதே யத்பாஸா ஹ்றுதயாக்ஷதேஹவிஷயா பாந்தி ஸ்வதோ அசேதனா: தாம் பாஸ்வி: பிஹிதார்க்கமண்டலநிபாம் ஸ்பூர்திம் சதா பாவய: ந்யோகீ நிர்வ்ருதமானசோ ஹி ரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 6.
MEANING :A yogi is great only when he understands “I” which appears as sentient generally, but which is pure, This self- consciousness by which the yogi understands the insentient quality of mind , senses and body makes him pure. The sentient qualities which are found in ordinary people, are just like sun getting concealed by clouds. This is my well- considered opinion.
யத்ஸௌக்யாம்புதிலேசலேசத இமே சக்ராதையோ நிர்வ்றுதா யச்சித்தே நிதராம் ப்ரசாந்தகலனே லப்யா முநிர்நிர்வ்ருத: யஸ்மின்னத்யசுக்ஹாம்புதௌ கலிததீர்பிரம்மைவ ந ப்ரம்ஹவித் ய: கஸ்சித்ஸ ஸுரேந்த்ர வன்திதபதோ நூனம் மனீஷா மம. 7.
MEANING : My conviction is that the SELF which is Brahman and which dwells upon the Supreme one who is evenworshipped by INDRA and other Gods . The sage experiences by worshipping this SELF with calm mind and perfection,fulfillment and thus is not only the knower of BRAHMAN but BRAHMAN itself.
தாஸஸ்தே அஹம் தேஹத்ருஷ்ட்யா அஸ்மி சம்ப்ஹோ ஜாதஸ்தேம் அசோ ஜீவாத்ருஷ்ட்யா த்ரித்ருஷ்டே ஸர்வஸ்யாத்மன்நாத்மத்ருஷ்ட்யா த்வமேவே- த்யேவம் மே தீர்நிஸ்ச்சிதா ஸர்வசாஸ்த்ரை : 8
‘MEANING : Oh Lord, when my soul is in my body, the body is your servant but you remain my soul. I have come to a conclusion after going through the various and through scriptures and my intellect that you are with in me and all others in the form of soul.
இதி ஸ்ரீ சங்கரபகவத: க்ருதௌ மனீஷாபஞ்சகம் ஸம்பூர்ணம்
MEANING : Thus ends MANIISHAA PANCHAKAM
COMPOSED BY SRIMAD SHANKARA BHAGAVATAH
______________(RK)_______________
NOTE: TO READ TAMIL KINDLY CONVERT THIS INTO UTF 8.
SHANKARA WITH MEANING IN ENGLISH
FIVE VERSES OF CONVICTIONS Written by HH. Adi Shankara :
TAMILTRANSLITERATION BY P.R.RADHAKRISHNAN
__________________________________________________________________________________
This is written as a dialogue between Adi Shankara and a Low Caste (PARAYA) who CAME with FOUR DOGS from the opposite direction of the way by which Adi Shankara and his disciples were going to perform Pooja to Lord Viswantha of KASHI. The low caste person was none other than Lord Shiva and the four dogs accompanying him were the FOUR VEDAS.
அன்னமயாதன்னமயாமதவா சைதன்யமேவ சைதன்ன்யாத்: எதிவர தூரீகர்த்தும் வாஞ்சஸி கிம் ப்ரூஹி கச்ச கச்சேதி 1.
Meaning : _Oh. Greatest among the Greatest of ascetics, please tell me what do you want to move away by saying “GO-GO“ Did you mean that the body of mine, made of food to move away to another body made of food or consciousness to move away from consciousness.
ப்ரத்யக்வஸ்துனி நிஸ்தரம்கஸஹஜானந்தாவபோதாம்புதௌ விப்றோSயம் ச்வபசோSயமித்யாபி மஹான் கோSயம் விபேதப்ரம கிம் கம்காம்புனி பிம்பிதே. அம்பரமணௌ சண்டாளவீதீபய பய: பூரே வா. அந்தரமஸ்தி காஞ்சனகடீம்ம்ருத்கும்பயோர்வாம்பரே. 2.
Meaning : Oh! brAhmaNA Is there any difference between the
reflection of the SUN in the waters of Ganges and the water poolof an outcaste’s residence ? or water in a gold pot and a mud pot?What difference it makes in the ripple free ocean of bliss and the soul of a brahmana and an outcaste? Note :- *In some versions I have seen yathivara instead of VIPROYAM{ Friends, Adi Shankaraimmediately came to know that the person who came opposite was none other than Lord SHIVA and the dogs which were accompanying Him were the four VEDAS. Adi Shankara immediately prostrated before the out-caste and begged apology; and then says :
ஜாக்ரத் ஸ்வப்னஸுஷுப்திஷு ஸ்புடதரா யாஸ்விதூத்ஜ்ஹ்ரிம்பதே யா ப்ரஹ்மாதிபிபீலிகாந்த தனுஷு ப்ரொதா ஜகத்ஸாக்ஷிணீ ஸைவாஹம் ந ச த்ருச்ய வஸ்த்விதி த்ருடப்ரஜ்ஞாபி யச்யாஸ்தி சே சண்டாளோ அஸ்து ஸ து த்விஜோ அஸ்து குரூர் இத்யேஷா மனீஷா மம: 3.
Meaning : If one is fully convinced that, the soul which isclear and obvious itself in all the three conditions of lives i.e. indream, sound sleep and also in awakened conditions and in all objects from BRAHMA (THE CREATOR) to a very small object ant which is also the vibrant, but invisible and witness to all ourdeeds, and as per my conclusion which is very clear is the great teacher or preceptor irrespective of whether he is a ** DWIJA or an outcaste
Note 2. : DWIJA in Sanskrit means one is who is twice born. Yhis term although refers to one o the first three VARNAS called Brahmana, Kshathriya, And Vaishya; DWJA is usually referred to the BRAHMANA VARNA.
பிரஹ்மைவாஹமிதம் ஜகச்ச ஸகலம் சின்மாத்ரவிஸ்தாரிதம்ஸர்வம் சைததவித்யா த்ருகுணயா அசேஷம் மயா க்ளிப்தம் இத்தம் யஸ்ய த்ருடா மதி: ஸுகதரே நித்த்யே பரே நிர்ம்மலே சண்டாளோ அஸ்து ஸ து த்விஜோ அஸ்த்து குருரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 4.
MEANING: I now have the conviction that irrespective of one is a Brahmin by birth or born as an outcaste, that he is the very BRAHMAN which is pure and infinite spread on everything, which although looks like consisting of many different things due
to our ignorance and the tree attributes Sattva (purity, light, harmony), (2) Rajas (passion, activity, motion), and (3) Tamas ( inertia, darkness, inertness, inactivity.
சச்வன்னச்வரமேவ விச்வமக்ஹிலம் நிச்சித்ய வாசா குறோர் நித்தியம் ப்ரம்ஹ நிரந்தரம் விம்ருசதா நிர்வ்யாஜ சாந்தாத்மனா ப்ஹூதம் ப்ஹாதி ச துஷ்க்றுதம் ப்றதஹதா ஸம்வின்மையே பாவகேப்ராரப்தாய ஸமர்ப்பிதம் ஸ்வபுரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 5. MEANING : I am convinced beyond doubts by theGURU’SWord(GURU = Teacher, preceptor ) that the whole universe is a moving illusion and hence the human body is given to constantly worship the supreme and infinite being with a clear and unquestioning mind and burn inthat sacred fire of meditation all the sins with which a human being is born.
யா திர்யஜ்ஞானரதேவதாபிரஹமித்யாந்த: ஸ்புடாக்ருஹ்யதே யத்பாஸா ஹ்றுதயாக்ஷதேஹவிஷயா பாந்தி ஸ்வதோ அசேதனா: தாம் பாஸ்வி: பிஹிதார்க்கமண்டலநிபாம் ஸ்பூர்திம் சதா பாவய: ந்யோகீ நிர்வ்ருதமானசோ ஹி ரித்யேஷா மனீஷா மம. 6.
MEANING :A yogi is great only when he understands “I” which appears as sentient generally, but which is pure, This self- consciousness by which the yogi understands the insentient quality of mind , senses and body makes him pure. The sentient qualities which are found in ordinary people, are just like sun getting concealed by clouds. This is my well- considered opinion.
யத்ஸௌக்யாம்புதிலேசலேசத இமே சக்ராதையோ நிர்வ்றுதா யச்சித்தே நிதராம் ப்ரசாந்தகலனே லப்யா முநிர்நிர்வ்ருத: யஸ்மின்னத்யசுக்ஹாம்புதௌ கலிததீர்பிரம்மைவ ந ப்ரம்ஹவித் ய: கஸ்சித்ஸ ஸுரேந்த்ர வன்திதபதோ நூனம் மனீஷா மம. 7.
MEANING : My conviction is that the SELF which is Brahman and which dwells upon the Supreme one who is evenworshipped by INDRA and other Gods . The sage experiences by worshipping this SELF with calm mind and perfection,fulfillment and thus is not only the knower of BRAHMAN but BRAHMAN itself.
தாஸஸ்தே அஹம் தேஹத்ருஷ்ட்யா அஸ்மி சம்ப்ஹோ ஜாதஸ்தேம் அசோ ஜீவாத்ருஷ்ட்யா த்ரித்ருஷ்டே ஸர்வஸ்யாத்மன்நாத்மத்ருஷ்ட்யா த்வமேவே- த்யேவம் மே தீர்நிஸ்ச்சிதா ஸர்வசாஸ்த்ரை : 8
‘MEANING : Oh Lord, when my soul is in my body, the body is your servant but you remain my soul. I have come to a conclusion after going through the various and through scriptures and my intellect that you are with in me and all others in the form of soul.
இதி ஸ்ரீ சங்கரபகவத: க்ருதௌ மனீஷாபஞ்சகம் ஸம்பூர்ணம்
MEANING : Thus ends MANIISHAA PANCHAKAM
COMPOSED BY SRIMAD SHANKARA BHAGAVATAH
______________(RK)_______________
NOTE: TO READ TAMIL KINDLY CONVERT THIS INTO UTF 8.
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